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SAO/NASA ADS Abstract Service Stopword List

The ADS search system recognizes certain words as being not important for searches and removes those words from a search. There are two types of stopwords, case insensitive stopwords and case sensitive stopwords. The former are words like much and but. They are ignored in a search. The latter are words that are stop words in some context, but are significant in other contexts. For instance and is a stopword, but And is significant. Since and does not occur at the beginning of a sentence, we assume that anytime And is in the text, it means Andromeda.

Following are the lists of case sensitive stopwords and case insensitive stopwords for the three ADS databases.

The case sensitive stopword lists are significant because if you want to search for And you have to specify the correct case, otherwise the word gets removed from the query.



Case sensitive stopwords for the Astronomy database


    AND      An      BE      By      Go      No      SN      Th 
     al      am      an     and      be      by      go      he 
    her      ie    lest    nice      no     not     sic      sn 
     th    wise    wish 

Case insensitive stopwords for the Astronomy database


              A            ABLE           ABOUT         ACQUIRE          ACROSS 
 AFOREMENTIONED           AFTER           AGAIN         AGAINST           AHEAD 
           AIMS            AKIN          ALBEIT          ALMOST         ALREADY 
           ALSO        ALTHOUGH      ALTOGETHER          ALWAYS              AM 
        AMAZING       AMAZINGLY            AMID          AMIDST           AMONG 
        AMONGST              AN             AND            ANEW         ANOTHER 
            ANY         ANYMORE          ANYONE        ANYTHING          ANYWAY 
       ANYWHERE           APPLY             ARE          AROUND              AS 
             AT            ATOP    AVAILABILITY       AVAILABLE           AWAIT 
        AWAITED        AWAITING          AWAITS            AWAY          BECAME 
        BECAUSE          BECOME         BECOMES        BECOMING            BEEN 
         BEFALL          BEFORE      BEFOREHAND           BEGIN           BEING 
         BELONG          BESIDE         BESIDES            BEST            BOTH 
          BRING             BUT              BY            CALL            CAME 
            CAN          CANNOT            COME           COMES          COMING 
        COMINGS           COULD            DEEM          DEEMED         DEEMING 
        DESPITE             DID       DISCUSSED          DISUSE              DO 
           DOES           DOING            DONE             DUE            DULY 
           EACH          EITHER            ELSE       ELSEWHERE          ENOUGH 
      ERSTWHILE              ET             ETC            EVER           EVERY 
      EVERYBODY        EVERYDAY        EVERYONE      EVERYTHING      EVERYWHERE 
        FINALLY          FOLLOW             FOR         FOREVER           FOUND 
           FROM            FUER         FURTHER      FURTHERING     FURTHERMORE 
       FURTHERS            GAVE             GET            GIVE           GIVEN 
          GIVER           GIVES          GIVING              GO           GOING 
           GONE             GOT             HAD          HAPPEN        HAPPENED 
      HAPPENING         HAPPENS    HAPPENSTANCE             HAS            HAVE 
         HAVING              HE           HENCE             HER            HERS 
            HIM         HIMSELF             HIS        HITHERTO             HOW 
        HOWEVER              IF              IN        INASMUCH          INDEED 
        INSOFAR         INSTEAD            INTO              IS              IT 
            ITS          ITSELF            JUST            KEEP         KEEPING 
          KEEPS            KEPT            KIND            KNEW            KNOW 
      KNOWLEDGE         KNOWING           KNOWN           KNOWS             LET 
           LETS            LIKE      LIKELINESS         LIKENED          LIKENS 
          LIKES        LIKEWISE            LIST            MADE            MAKE 
            MAY           MAYBE        MEANTIME       MEANWHILE            MERE 
         MERELY           MIGHT          MIGHTY        MOREOVER          MOSTLY 
           MUCH            MUST              MY            NEED          NEEDED 
        NEEDING        NEEDLESS      NEEDLESSLY           NEEDS         NEITHER 
          NEVER    NEVERTHELESS            NEXT            NICE          NICELY 
             NO     NONETHELESS NOTWITHSTANDING        NOWADAYS         NOWHERE 
       OBTAINED              OF             OFF            OFFS           OFTEN 
        OFTENLY              ON            ONCE            ONES         ONESELF 
        ONGOING            ONLY            ONTO          ONWARD         ONWARDS 
             OR           OTHER          OTHERS       OTHERWISE           OUGHT 
            OUR            OURS       OURSELVES             OUT     OUTSTANDING 
  OUTSTANDINGLY             OWN           OWNED         PERHAPS          PONDER 
     PONDERABLE        POSSIBLE        POSSIBLY       PRESENTED             PUT 
           PUTS         PUTTING           QUERY        QUESTION           QUITE 
         RATHER          REALLY            REDO         REDOING          REDONE 
        RESULTS            SAID            SAME             SAY          SAYING 
           SAYS             SEE            SEEM          SEEMED         SEEMING 
      SEEMINGLY           SEEMS          SELDOM           SHALL             SHE 
         SHOULD            SHOW          SHOWED         SHOWING           SHOWN 
          SHOWS             SIC           SINCE             SIT            SITS 
        SITTING              SO            SOME         SOMEDAY         SOMEHOW 
        SOMEONE       SOMETHING        SOMETIME       SOMETIMES        SOMEWHAT 
      SOMEWHERE        SOMTIMES            SOON          SOONER            SUCH 
        SUGGEST       SUGGESTED        SUGGESTS            SURE          SURELY 
         SUREST            TAKE           TAKEN          TAKENS           TAKES 
         TAKING            TALE          TALLER         TALLIED         TALLIES 
           TELL           TELLS            TEND          TENDED         TENDING 
          TENDS            THAN            THAT             THE            THEE 
          THEIR          THEIRS            THEM      THEMSELVES            THEN 
         THENCE     THENCEFORTH      THEREAFTER         THEREBY       THEREFORE 
      THEREFROM         THEREIN         THEREOF         THEREON         THERETO 
      THEREWITH           THESE            THEY            THIS        THOROUGH 
     THOROUGHLY         THORUGH           THOSE          THOUGH      THOUGHTFUL 
    THOUGHTLESS      THROUGHOUT            THRU            THUS             TIL 
           TILL              TO        TOGETHER             TOO            TOOK 
     TREMENDOUS    TREMENDOUSLY           TRIED           TRIES          TRUTHS 
            TRY          TRYING          UNABLE  UNAVAILABILITY     UNAVAILABLE 
        UNAWARE         UNDERGO       UNDERGOES      UNDERGOING       UNDERGONE 
      UNDERTAKE      UNDERTAKEN      UNDERTAKES     UNDERTAKING    UNDERTAKINGS 
      UNDERTOOK        UNDERWAY       UNDERWENT           UNDUE          UNDULY 
    UNFORTUNATE   UNFORTUNATELY         UNFOUND          UNLESS           UNTIL 
           UPON           UPSET          UPSETS       UPSETTING          UPTAKE 
           URGE           URGED          URGENT        URGENTLY              US 
         USABLE          USAGES         USEABLE            USED          USEFUL 
     USEFULNESS         USELESS            USES           USING           USUAL 
        USUALLY        UTILISED        UTILISES         UTILIZE        UTILIZED 
       UTILIZES       UTILIZING          UTMOST         UTTERLY          VASTLY 
            VIA             VIS           VIVID         VIVIDLY            WANT 
         WANTED         WANTING           WANTS             WAS             WAY 
             WE         WELCOME        WELCOMED            WENT            WERE 
           WHAT        WHATEVER      WHATSOEVER            WHEN          WHENCE 
       WHENEVER           WHERE         WHEREAS         WHEREBY       WHEREFROM 
        WHEREIN         WHERETO       WHEREUPON        WHEREVER         WHETHER 
          WHICH       WHICHEVER           WHILE          WHILST             WHO 
        WHOEVER       WHOLESALE          WHOLLY            WHOM        WHOMEVER 
     WHOMSOEVER           WHOSE             WHY            WILL         WILLING 
    WILLINGNESS          WISDOM          WISHED          WISHES         WISHING 
            WIT            WITH      WITHDRAWAL     WITHDRAWING       WITHDRAWN 
         WITHIN         WITHOUT       WITHSTAND    WITHSTANDING          WONDER 
      WONDERFUL     WONDERFULLY       WONDERING      WONDERLAND         WONDERS 
       WONDROUS            WORD           WORDS            WORN           WOULD 
            YES             YET             YOU            YOUR 



Case sensitive stopwords for the Physics database


    AND      An      BE      By      Go      No      SN      Th 
     al      am      an     and      be      by      go      he 
    her      ie    lest    nice      no     not     sic      sn 
     th    wise    wish 

Case insensitive stopwords for the Physics database


              A            ABLE           ABOUT         ACQUIRE          ACROSS 
 AFOREMENTIONED           AFTER           AGAIN         AGAINST           AHEAD 
           AIMS            AKIN          ALBEIT          ALMOST         ALREADY 
           ALSO        ALTHOUGH      ALTOGETHER          ALWAYS              AM 
        AMAZING       AMAZINGLY            AMID          AMIDST           AMONG 
        AMONGST              AN             AND            ANEW         ANOTHER 
            ANY         ANYMORE          ANYONE        ANYTHING          ANYWAY 
       ANYWHERE           APPLY             ARE          AROUND              AS 
             AT            ATOP    AVAILABILITY       AVAILABLE           AWAIT 
        AWAITED        AWAITING          AWAITS            AWAY          BECAME 
        BECAUSE          BECOME         BECOMES        BECOMING            BEEN 
         BEFALL          BEFORE      BEFOREHAND           BEGIN           BEING 
         BELONG          BESIDE         BESIDES            BEST            BOTH 
          BRING             BUT              BY            CALL            CAME 
            CAN          CANNOT            COME           COMES          COMING 
        COMINGS           COULD            DEEM          DEEMED         DEEMING 
        DESPITE             DID       DISCUSSED          DISUSE              DO 
           DOES           DOING            DONE             DUE            DULY 
           EACH          EITHER            ELSE       ELSEWHERE          ENOUGH 
      ERSTWHILE              ET             ETC            EVER           EVERY 
      EVERYBODY        EVERYDAY        EVERYONE      EVERYTHING      EVERYWHERE 
        FINALLY          FOLLOW             FOR         FOREVER           FOUND 
           FROM            FUER         FURTHER      FURTHERING     FURTHERMORE 
       FURTHERS            GAVE             GET            GIVE           GIVEN 
          GIVER           GIVES          GIVING              GO           GOING 
           GONE             GOT             HAD          HAPPEN        HAPPENED 
      HAPPENING         HAPPENS    HAPPENSTANCE             HAS            HAVE 
         HAVING              HE           HENCE             HER            HERS 
            HIM         HIMSELF             HIS        HITHERTO             HOW 
        HOWEVER              IF              IN        INASMUCH          INDEED 
        INSOFAR         INSTEAD            INTO              IS              IT 
            ITS          ITSELF            JUST            KEEP         KEEPING 
          KEEPS            KEPT            KIND            KNEW            KNOW 
      KNOWLEDGE         KNOWING           KNOWN           KNOWS             LET 
           LETS            LIKE      LIKELINESS         LIKENED          LIKENS 
          LIKES        LIKEWISE            LIST            MADE            MAKE 
            MAY           MAYBE        MEANTIME       MEANWHILE            MERE 
         MERELY           MIGHT          MIGHTY        MOREOVER          MOSTLY 
           MUCH            MUST              MY            NEED          NEEDED 
        NEEDING        NEEDLESS      NEEDLESSLY           NEEDS         NEITHER 
          NEVER    NEVERTHELESS            NEXT            NICE          NICELY 
             NO     NONETHELESS NOTWITHSTANDING        NOWADAYS         NOWHERE 
       OBTAINED              OF             OFF            OFFS           OFTEN 
        OFTENLY              ON            ONCE            ONES         ONESELF 
        ONGOING            ONLY            ONTO          ONWARD         ONWARDS 
             OR           OTHER          OTHERS       OTHERWISE           OUGHT 
            OUR            OURS       OURSELVES             OUT     OUTSTANDING 
  OUTSTANDINGLY             OWN           OWNED         PERHAPS          PONDER 
     PONDERABLE        POSSIBLE        POSSIBLY       PRESENTED             PUT 
           PUTS         PUTTING           QUERY        QUESTION           QUITE 
         RATHER          REALLY            REDO         REDOING          REDONE 
        RESULTS            SAID            SAME             SAY          SAYING 
           SAYS             SEE            SEEM          SEEMED         SEEMING 
      SEEMINGLY           SEEMS          SELDOM           SHALL             SHE 
         SHOULD            SHOW          SHOWED         SHOWING           SHOWN 
          SHOWS             SIC           SINCE             SIT            SITS 
        SITTING              SO            SOME         SOMEDAY         SOMEHOW 
        SOMEONE       SOMETHING        SOMETIME       SOMETIMES        SOMEWHAT 
      SOMEWHERE        SOMTIMES            SOON          SOONER            SUCH 
        SUGGEST       SUGGESTED        SUGGESTS            SURE          SURELY 
         SUREST            TAKE           TAKEN          TAKENS           TAKES 
         TAKING            TALE          TALLER         TALLIED         TALLIES 
           TELL           TELLS            TEND          TENDED         TENDING 
          TENDS            THAN            THAT             THE            THEE 
          THEIR          THEIRS            THEM      THEMSELVES            THEN 
         THENCE     THENCEFORTH      THEREAFTER         THEREBY       THEREFORE 
      THEREFROM         THEREIN         THEREOF         THEREON         THERETO 
      THEREWITH           THESE            THEY            THIS        THOROUGH 
     THOROUGHLY         THORUGH           THOSE          THOUGH      THOUGHTFUL 
    THOUGHTLESS      THROUGHOUT            THRU            THUS             TIL 
           TILL              TO        TOGETHER             TOO            TOOK 
     TREMENDOUS    TREMENDOUSLY           TRIED           TRIES          TRUTHS 
            TRY          TRYING          UNABLE  UNAVAILABILITY     UNAVAILABLE 
        UNAWARE         UNDERGO       UNDERGOES      UNDERGOING       UNDERGONE 
      UNDERTAKE      UNDERTAKEN      UNDERTAKES     UNDERTAKING    UNDERTAKINGS 
      UNDERTOOK        UNDERWAY       UNDERWENT           UNDUE          UNDULY 
    UNFORTUNATE   UNFORTUNATELY         UNFOUND          UNLESS           UNTIL 
           UPON           UPSET          UPSETS       UPSETTING          UPTAKE 
           URGE           URGED