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Title:
Einstein observations of VELA X and the VELA pulsar
Authors:
Harnden, F. R., Jr.; Grant, P. D.; Seward, F. D.; Kahn, S. M.
Affiliation:
AA(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA), AB(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA), AC(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA), AD(California, University, Berkeley)
Publication:
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 299, Dec. 15, 1985, p. 828-838. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
12/1985
Category:
Astrophysics
Origin:
STI
NASA/STI Keywords:
HEAO 2, NEBULAE, NEUTRON STARS, PULSARS, SUPERNOVA REMNANTS, X RAY SOURCES, MORPHOLOGY, STELLAR TEMPERATURE, SURFACE TEMPERATURE, THERMAL EMISSION
DOI:
10.1086/163749
Bibliographic Code:
1985ApJ...299..828H

Abstract

The imaging detectors of the Einstein X-ray observatory have been used to study the Vela pulsar and its surrounding region. Although the pulsar is a relatively strong source of X-rays, there are not detectable pulsations at the pulsar period; the pulsed X-ray luminosity is less than approximately 10 to the 31st ergs/s in the 0.1-4.5 keV band. Nor is there evidence for other types of variability in the pulsar's X-ray emission. The images reveal structure on four spatial scales: (1) a pointlike object coincident with the pulsar; (2) a relatively bright, approximately 4-arcmin nebula of diffuse emission about the pulsar; (3) an approximately 1-degree nebula of hard emission that lies between the pulsar and the radio feature Vela X; and (4) thermal emission from the entire approximately 5-degree Vela supernova remnant. Spectral data from the small nebula are well fitted by a synchrotron model. Under the assumption that emission from the pulsar itself is thermal blackbody radiation, the surface temperature of the neutron star is calculated to be 1 million K.

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