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Title:
Freezing Transition of Interfacial Water at Room Temperature under Electric Fields
Authors:
Choi, Eun-Mi; Yoon, Young-Hwan; Lee, Sangyoub; Kang, Heon
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Ku, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
Publication:
Physical Review Letters, vol. 95, Issue 8, id. 085701 (PhRvL Homepage)
Publication Date:
08/2005
Origin:
APS
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2005: The American Physical Society
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.085701
Bibliographic Code:
2005PhRvL..95h5701C

Abstract

The freezing of liquid water into ice was studied inside a gap of nanometer spacing under the control of electric fields and gap distance. The interfacial water underwent a sudden, reversible phase transition to ice in electric fields of 106 V m-1 at room temperature. The critical field strength for the freezing transition was much weaker than that theoretically predicted for alignment of water dipoles and crystallization into polar cubic ice (>109 V m-1). This new type of freezing mechanism, occurring in weak electric fields and at room temperature, may have immediate implications for ice formation in diverse natural environments.
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