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Title:
A Pair of Compact Red Galaxies at Redshift 2.38, Immersed in a 100 Kiloparsec Scale Lyα Nebula
Authors:
Francis, Paul J.; Williger, Gerard M.; Collins, Nicholas R.; Palunas, Povilas; Malumuth, Eliot M.; Woodgate, Bruce E.; Teplitz, Harry I.; Smette, Alain; Sutherland, Ralph S.; Danks, Anthony C.; Hill, Robert S.; Lindler, Donald; Kimble, Randy A.; Heap, Sara R.; Hutchings, John B.
Affiliation:
AA(; Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.; Joint appointment with the Department of Physics, Faculty of Science.), AB(; National Optical Astronomy Observatories, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AC(; Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AD(; Catholic University of America, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AE(; Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AF(; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AG(; National Optical Astronomy Observatories, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AH(; National Optical Astronomy Observatories, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AI(; Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.), AJ(; Raytheon RPSC, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AK(; Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AL(; Advanced Computer Concepts, Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AM(; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AN(; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AO(; Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, BC V8X 4M6, Canada.)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 554, Issue 2, pp. 1001-1011. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
06/2001
Origin:
UCP
ApJ Keywords:
Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: High-Redshift, Galaxies: Interactions
DOI:
10.1086/321417
Bibliographic Code:
2001ApJ...554.1001F

Abstract

We present Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based observations of a pair of galaxies at a redshift of 2.38, which are collectively known as 2142-4420 B1. Both galaxies are luminous extremely red objects (EROs) and are separated by 0.8". They are embedded within a 100 kpc scale diffuse Lyα nebula (or blob) of luminosity ~1044 ergs s-1. The radial profiles and colors of both red objects are most naturally explained if they are young elliptical galaxies, the most distant galaxies of this type found to date. It is not possible, however, to rule out a model in which they are abnormally compact, extremely dusty starbursting disk galaxies. If they are elliptical galaxies, their stellar populations have inferred masses of ~1011 Msolar and ages of ~7×108 yr. Both galaxies have color gradients: their centers are significantly bluer than their outer regions. The surface brightness of both galaxies is roughly 1 order of magnitude greater than would be predicted by the Kormendy relation. A chain of diffuse star formation extending 1" from the galaxies may be evidence that they are interacting or merging. The Lyα nebula surrounding the galaxies shows apparent velocity substructure of amplitude ~700 km s-1. We propose that the Lyα emission from this nebula may be produced by fast shocks that are powered either by a galactic superwind or by the release of gravitational potential energy. Based upon observations with the Anglo-Australian Telescope, the Cerro Tololo Blanco Telescope, the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) at the La Silla Observatory under program 63.0-0291A, and the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
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