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Title:
Hard X-Ray Sources and the Primary Energy-Release Site in Solar Flares
Authors:
Masuda, Satoshi; Kosugi, Takeo; Hara, Hirohisa; Sakao, Taro; Shibata, Kazunari; Tsuneta, Saku
Affiliation:
AA(Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3--13, Honohara, Toyokawa, Aich 442), AB(Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3--13, Honohara, Toyokawa, Aich 442), AC(Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3--13, Honohara, Toyokawa, Aich 442), AD(Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3--13, Honohara, Toyokawa, Aich 442), AE(National Astronomical Observatory, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181), AF(Institute of Astronomy, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181)
Publication:
Publ. of the Astronomical Society of Japan, v.47, p.677-689. (PASJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/1995
Origin:
PASJ; KNUDSEN ttp://pasj.asj.or.jp
PASJ Keywords:
SUN: FLARES, SUN: MAGNETIC FIELD, SUN: X-RAYS
Bibliographic Code:
1995PASJ...47..677M

Abstract

Accurately coaligned hard and soft X-ray images, taken simultaneously with the Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) and the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) aboard Yohkoh, of impulsive solar flares on 1992 January 13 (17:29 UT), 1992 October 4 (22:21 UT), and 1993 February 17 (10:35 UT), occurring near the limb, clearly reveal that, in addition to double-footpoint sources, a hard X-ray source exists well above the corresponding soft X-ray loop structure around the peak time of the impulsive phase. This hard X-ray source shows an intensity variation similar to double-footpoint sources and a spectrum that is relatively hard compared with that of loop-top gradual source which appeared later in the flare. We believe that this is the first clear evidence that magnetic reconnection, which is responsible for the primary flare energy release, is under progress above the soft X-ray flaring loop. Maybe this ``loop-top'' hard X-ray source represents the reconnection site itself or the site where the downward plasma stream, ejected from the reconnection point far above the hard X-ray source, collides with the underlying closed magnetic loop. The characteristics of this hard X-ray source are quantitatively discussed in the schemes of thermal (T >~ 10(8) K) and nonthermal interpretations of hard X-ray emission.

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