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Title:
Laser spectroscopy of muonic deuterium
Authors:
Pohl, Randolf; Nez, François; Fernandes, Luis M. P.; Amaro, Fernando D.; Biraben, François; Cardoso, João M. R.; Covita, Daniel S.; Dax, Andreas; Dhawan, Satish; Diepold, Marc; Giesen, Adolf; Gouvea, Andrea L.; Graf, Thomas; Hänsch, Theodor W.; Indelicato, Paul; Julien, Lucile; Knowles, Paul; Kottmann, Franz; Le Bigot, Eric-Olivier; Liu, Yi-Wei; Lopes, José A. M.; Ludhova, Livia; Monteiro, Cristina M. B.; Mulhauser, Françoise; Nebel, Tobias; Rabinowitz, Paul; dos Santos, Joaquim M. F.; Schaller, Lukas A.; Schuhmann, Karsten; Schwob, Catherine; Taqqu, David; Veloso, João F. C. A.; Antognini, Aldo
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany), AB(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), AC(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal), AD(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal), AE(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), AF(), AG(I3N, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal), AH(Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8121, USA), AI(Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8121, USA), AJ(Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany), AK(Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Dausinger + Giesen GmbH, Rotebühlstrasse 87, 70178 Stuttgart, Germany), AL(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal), AM(Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany), AN(Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany.; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany), AO(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), AP(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), AQ(Département de Physique, Université de Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland), AR(Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland), AS(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), AT(Physics Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan), AU(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal.; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ISEC, 3030–199, Portugal), AV(Département de Physique, Université de Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland), AW(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal), AX(Département de Physique, Université de Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.; Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany), AY(Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany), AZ(Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1009, USA), BA(LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal), BB(Département de Physique, Université de Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland), BC(Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.; Dausinger + Giesen GmbH, Rotebühlstrasse 87, 70178 Stuttgart, Germany), BD(Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure–PSL Research University, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France), BE(Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen–PSI, Switzerland), BF(I3N, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal), BG(Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany.; Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland), BH()
Publication:
Science, Volume 353, Issue 6300, pp. 669-673 (2016). (Sci Homepage)
Publication Date:
08/2016
Category:
PHYSICS
Origin:
SCIENCE
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2016: Science
DOI:
10.1126/science.aaf2468
Bibliographic Code:
2016Sci...353..669P

Abstract

The deuteron is the simplest compound nucleus, composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuteron properties such as the root-mean-square charge radius rd and the polarizability serve as important benchmarks for understanding the nuclear forces and structure. Muonic deuterium μd is the exotic atom formed by a deuteron and a negative muon μ-. We measured three 2S-2P transitions in μd and obtain rd = 2.12562(78) fm, which is 2.7 times more accurate but 7.5σ smaller than the CODATA-2010 value rd = 2.1424(21) fm. The μd value is also 3.5σ smaller than the rd value from electronic deuterium spectroscopy. The smaller rd, when combined with the electronic isotope shift, yields a “small” proton radius rp, similar to the one from muonic hydrogen, amplifying the proton radius puzzle.
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