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Title:
Eleven Multiplanet Systems from K2 Campaigns 1 and 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths
Authors:
Sinukoff, Evan; Howard, Andrew W.; Petigura, Erik A.; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Ciardi, David R.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Isaacson, Howard; Aller, Kimberly M.; Baranec, Christoph; Beichman, Charles A.; Hansen, Brad M. S.; Knutson, Heather A.; Law, Nicholas M.; Liu, Michael C.; Riddle, Reed; Dressing, Courtney D.
Affiliation:
AA(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA ;), AB(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 0000-0001-8638-0320), AC(California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ;), AD(NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA ; 0000-0001-5347-7062), AE(Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 1629 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ;), AF(NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, California Institute of Technology, 770 S. Wilson Ave., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA), AG(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; 0000-0003-3504-5316), AH(Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 0000-0002-0531-1073), AI(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 0000-0003-0208-6146), AJ(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 0000-0002-1917-9157), AK(NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, California Institute of Technology, 770 S. Wilson Ave., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA), AL(Department of Physics & Astronomy and Institute of Geophysics & Planetary Physics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), AM(California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA), AN(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA 0000-0001-9380-6457), AO(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 0000-0003-2232-7664), AP(Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 0000-0002-0387-370X), AQ(California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; 0000-0001-8189-0233)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 827, Issue 1, article id. 78, 27 pp. (2016). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
08/2016
Origin:
IOP
Astronomy Keywords:
planetary systems, stars: late-type, stars: solar-type, techniques: photometric, techniques: radial velocities, techniques: spectroscopic
DOI:
10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78
Bibliographic Code:
2016ApJ...827...78S

Abstract

We present a catalog of 11 multiplanet systems from Campaigns 1 and 2 of the K2 mission. We report the sizes and orbits of 26 planets split between seven two-planet systems and four three-planet systems. These planets stem from a systematic search of the K2 photometry for all dwarf stars observed by K2 in these fields. We precisely characterized the host stars with adaptive optics imaging and analysis of high-resolution optical spectra from Keck/HIRES and medium-resolution spectra from IRTF/SpeX. We confirm two planet candidates by mass detection and validate the remaining 24 candidates to >99% confidence. Thirteen planets were previously validated or confirmed by other studies, and 24 were previously identified as planet candidates. The planets are mostly smaller than Neptune (21/26 planets), as in the Kepler mission, and all have short periods (P < 50 days) due to the duration of the K2 photometry. The host stars are relatively bright (most have Kp < 12.5 mag) and are amenable to follow-up characterization. For K2-38, we measured precise radial velocities using Keck/HIRES and provide initial estimates of the planet masses. K2-38b is a short-period super-Earth with a radius of 1.55+/- 0.16 R , a mass of 12.0+/- 2.9 M , and a high density consistent with an iron-rich composition. The outer planet K2-38c is a lower-density sub-Neptune-size planet with a radius of 2.42+/- 0.29 R and a mass of 9.9+/- 4.6 M that likely has a substantial envelope. This new planet sample demonstrates the capability of K2 to discover numerous planetary systems around bright stars.
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