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Title:
Galaxy Zoo Green Peas: discovery of a class of compact extremely star-forming galaxies
Authors:
Cardamone, Carolin; Schawinski, Kevin; Sarzi, Marc; Bamford, Steven P.; Bennert, Nicola; Urry, C. M.; Lintott, Chris; Keel, William C.; Parejko, John; Nichol, Robert C.; Thomas, Daniel; Andreescu, Dan; Murray, Phil; Raddick, M. Jordan; Slosar, Anže; Szalay, Alex; Vandenberg, Jan
Affiliation:
AA(Astronomy Department, Yale University, PO Box 208121, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA), AB(Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Physics, Yale University, PO Box 208120, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA), AC(Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Herts AL10 9AB), AD(Centre for Astronomy and Particle Theory, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD), AE(Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA), AF(Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Physics, Yale University, PO Box 208120, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA), AG(Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH), AH(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA), AI(Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA), AJ(Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2EG), AK(Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2EG), AL(LinkLab, 4506 Graystone Ave., Bronx, NY 10471, USA), AM(Fingerprint Digital Media, 9 Victoria Close, Newtownards, Co. Down, Northern Ireland BT23 7GY), AN(Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA), AO(Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50-5005, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA), AP(Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA), AQ(Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA)
Publication:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 399, Issue 3, pp. 1191-1205. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:
11/2009
Origin:
MNRAS
MNRAS Keywords:
galaxies: dwarf , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , galaxies: high-redshift , galaxies: Seyfert , galaxies: starburst
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15383.x
Bibliographic Code:
2009MNRAS.399.1191C

Abstract

We investigate a class of rapidly growing emission line galaxies, known as `Green Peas', first noted by volunteers in the Galaxy Zoo project because of their peculiar bright green colour and small size, unresolved in Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging. Their appearance is due to very strong optical emission lines, namely [OIII] λ5007Å, with an unusually large equivalent width of up to ~1000Å. We discuss a well-defined sample of 251 colour-selected objects, most of which are strongly star forming, although there are some active galactic nuclei interlopers including eight newly discovered narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. The star-forming Peas are low-mass galaxies (M ~ 108.5-1010Msolar) with high star formation rates (~10Msolaryr-1), low metallicities (log[O/H] + 12 ~ 8.7) and low reddening [E(B - V) <= 0.25] and they reside in low-density environments. They have some of the highest specific star formation rates (up to ~10-8yr-1) seen in the local Universe, yielding doubling times for their stellar mass of hundreds of Myr. The few star-forming Peas with Hubble Space Telescope imaging appear to have several clumps of bright star-forming regions and low surface density features that may indicate recent or ongoing mergers. The Peas are similar in size, mass, luminosity and metallicity to luminous blue compact galaxies. They are also similar to high-redshift ultraviolet-luminous galaxies, e.g. Lyman-break galaxies and Lyα emitters, and therefore provide a local laboratory with which to study the extreme star formation processes that occur in high-redshift galaxies. Studying starbursting galaxies as a function of redshift is essential to understanding the build up of stellar mass in the Universe.

This publication has been made possible by the participation of more than 200000 volunteers in the Galaxy Zoo project. Their contributions are individually acknowledged at http://www.galaxyzoo.org/Volunteers.aspx

E-mail: ccardamone@astro.yale.edu


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