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Title:
The SAURON Project - XIV. No escape from Vesc: a global and local parameter in early-type galaxy evolution
Authors:
Scott, Nicholas; Cappellari, Michele; Davies, Roger L.; Bacon, R.; de Zeeuw, P. T.; Emsellem, Eric; Falcón-Barroso, Jésus; Krajnović, Davor; Kuntschner, Harald; McDermid, Richard M.; Peletier, Reynier F.; Pipino, Antonio; Sarzi, Marc; van den Bosch, Remco C. E.; van de Ven, Glenn; van Scherpenzeel, Eveline
Affiliation:
AA(Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH), AB(Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH), AC(Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH), AD(Université de Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, F-69007; CRAL, Observatoire de Lyon, F-69230 Saint Genis Laval; CNRS, UMR 5574; ENS de Lyon, France), AE(European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Str 2, 85748 Garching, Germany; Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, the Netherlands), AF(Université de Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, F-69007; CRAL, Observatoire de Lyon, F-69230 Saint Genis Laval; CNRS, UMR 5574; ENS de Lyon, France; European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Str 2, 85748 Garching, Germany), AG(European Space and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, the Netherlands), AH(Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH), AI(Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility, European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild Str 2, 85748 Garching, Germany), AJ(Gemini Observatory, Northern Operations Centre, 670 N. A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA), AK(Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Postbus 800, 9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands), AL(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0484, USA), AM(Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Herts AL1 09AB), AN(Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, the Netherlands; McDonald Observatory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA), AO(Institute for Advanced Study, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA), AP(Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, the Netherlands)
Publication:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 398, Issue 4, pp. 1835-1857. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/2009
Origin:
MNRAS
MNRAS Keywords:
galaxies: abundances , galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15275.x
Bibliographic Code:
2009MNRAS.398.1835S

Abstract

We present the results of an investigation of the local escape velocity (Vesc) - line strength index relationship for 48 early-type galaxies from the SAURON sample, the first such study based on a large sample of galaxies with both detailed integral field observations and extensive dynamical modelling. Values of Vesc are computed using multi-Gaussian expansion (MGE) photometric fitting and axisymmetric, anisotropic Jeans' dynamical modelling simultaneously on Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based images. We determine line strengths and escape velocities at multiple radii within each galaxy, allowing an investigation of the correlation within individual galaxies as well as amongst galaxies. We find a tight correlation between Vesc and the line-strength indices. For Mgb, we find that this correlation exists not only between different galaxies but also inside individual galaxies - it is both a local and global correlation. The Mgb-Vesc relation has the form: log(Mgb/4Å) = (0.32 +/- 0.03) log(Vesc/500km s-1) - (0.031 +/- 0.007) with an rms scatter σ = 0.033. The relation within individual galaxies has the same slope and offset as the global relation to a good level of agreement, though there is significant intrinsic scatter in the local gradients. We transform our line strength index measurements to the single stellar population (SSP) equivalent ages (t), metallicity ([Z/H]) and enhancement ([α/Fe]) and carry out a principal component analysis of our SSP and Vesc data. We find that in this four-dimensional parameter space the galaxies in our sample are to a good approximation confined to a plane, given by log (V esc/500 kms -1) = 0.85 [Z/H] + 0.43 log (t/Gyr) - 0.29. It is surprising that a combination of age and metallicity is conserved; this may indicate a `conspiracy' between age and metallicity or a weakness in the SSP models. How the connection between stellar populations and the gravitational potential, both locally and globally, is preserved as galaxies assemble hierarchically may provide an important constraint on modelling.
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