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Title:
The discovery of Segue 2: a prototype of the population of satellites of satellites
Authors:
Belokurov, V.; Walker, M. G.; Evans, N. W.; Gilmore, G.; Irwin, M. J.; Mateo, M.; Mayer, L.; Olszewski, E.; Bechtold, J.; Pickering, T.
Affiliation:
AA(Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AB(Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AC(Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AD(Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AE(Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AF(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA), AG(Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland), AH(Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA), AI(Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA), AJ(MMT Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85271, USA)
Publication:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 397, Issue 4, pp. 1748-1755. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:
08/2009
Origin:
MNRAS
MNRAS Keywords:
galaxies: dwarf , galaxies: individual: Segue 2 , Local Group
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15106.x
Bibliographic Code:
2009MNRAS.397.1748B

Abstract

We announce the discovery of a new Milky Way satellite Segue 2 found in the data of the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE). We followed this up with deeper imaging and spectroscopy on the Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT). From this, we derive a luminosity of Mv = -2.5, a half-light radius of 34 pc and a systemic velocity of ~ -40kms-1. Our data also provide evidence for a stream around Segue 2 at a similar heliocentric velocity, and the SEGUE data show that it is also present in neighbouring fields. We resolve the velocity dispersion of Segue 2 as 3.4 kms-1 and the possible stream as ~7kms-1. This object shows points of comparison with other recent discoveries, Segue 1, Boo II and Coma. We speculate that all four objects may be representatives of a population of satellites of satellites - survivors of accretion events that destroyed their larger but less dense parents. They are likely to have formed at redshifts z > 10 and are good candidates for fossils of the reionization epoch.

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