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Title:
Galactic Masers and the Milky Way Circular Velocity
Authors:
Bovy, Jo; Hogg, David W.; Rix, Hans-Walter
Affiliation:
AA(Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA ; Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.; ), AB(Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA ; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), AC(Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 704, Issue 2, pp. 1704-1709 (2009). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
Galaxy: fundamental parameters, Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics, Galaxy: structure, methods: statistical
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/1704
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...704.1704B

Abstract

Masers found in massive star-forming regions can be located precisely in six-dimensional phase space and therefore serve as a tool for studying Milky Way dynamics. The non-random orbital phases at which the masers are found and the sparseness of current samples require modeling. Here, we model the phase-space distribution function of 18 precisely measured Galactic masers, permitting a mean velocity offset and a general velocity dispersion tensor relative to their local standards of rest, and accounting for different pieces of prior information. With priors only on the Sun's distance from the Galactic Center and on its motion with respect to the local standard of rest, the maser data provide a weak constraint on the circular velocity at the Sun of Vc = 246 ± 30 km s-1. Including prior information on the proper motion of Sgr A* leads to Vc = 244 ± 13 km s-1. We do not confirm the value of Vc ≈ 254 km s-1 found in more restrictive models. This analysis shows that there is no conflict between recent determinations of Vc from Galactic Center analyses, orbital fitting of the GD-1 stellar stream, and the kinematics of Galactic masers; a combined estimate is Vc = 236 ± 11 km s-1. Apart from the dynamical parameters, we find that masers tend to occur at post-apocenter, circular-velocity-lagging phases of their orbits.
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