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Title:
Galaxy Clusters Discovered with a Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey
Authors:
Staniszewski, Z.; Ade, P. A. R.; Aird, K. A.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Cho, H.-M.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Halverson, N. W.; Holder, G. P.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Hrubes, J. D.; Joy, M.; Keisler, R.; Lanting, T. M.; Lee, A. T.; Leitch, E. M.; Loehr, A.; Lueker, M.; McMahon, J. J.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mohr, J. J.; Montroy, T. E.; Ngeow, C.-C.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Pryke, C.; Reichardt, C. L.; Ruhl, J. E.; Schaffer, K. K.; Shaw, L.; Shirokoff, E.; Spieler, H. G.; Stalder, B.; Stark, A. A.; Vanderlinde, K.; Vieira, J. D.; Zahn, O.; Zenteno, A.
Affiliation:
AA(Physics Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; ), AB(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, CF24 3YB, UK ), AC(University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AD(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AE(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AF(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AG(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AH(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AI(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AJ(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AK(Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada ), AL(Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada ), AM(Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA ), AN(Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada ), AO(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AP(University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AQ(Department of Space Science, VP62, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA ), AR(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AS(Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada ), AT(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AU(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AV(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AW(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AX(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), AY(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AZ(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BA(Department of Astronomy and Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA ), BB(Physics Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ), BC(Department of Astronomy and Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA ), BD(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BE(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BF(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BG(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BH(Physics Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ), BI(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BJ(Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada ), BK(Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BL(Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BM(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), BN(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), BO(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BP(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ), BQ(Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, Department of Physics, University of California, and Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA), BR(Department of Astronomy and Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 701, Issue 1, pp. 32-41 (2009). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
08/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
cosmic microwave background, cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: general
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/32
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...701...32S

Abstract

The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is conducting a Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect survey over large areas of the southern sky, searching for massive galaxy clusters to high redshift. In this preliminary study, we focus on a 40 deg2 area targeted by the Blanco Cosmology Survey (BCS), which is centered roughly at right ascension 5h30m, declination -53° (J2000). Over two seasons of observations, this entire region has been mapped by the SPT at 95 GHz, 150 GHz, and 225 GHz. We report the four most significant SPT detections of SZ clusters in this field, three of which were previously unknown and, therefore, represent the first galaxy clusters discovered with an SZ survey. The SZ clusters are detected as decrements with greater than 5σ significance in the high-sensitivity 150 GHz SPT map. The SZ spectrum of these sources is confirmed by detections of decrements at the corresponding locations in the 95 GHz SPT map and nondetections at those locations in the 225 GHz SPT map. Multiband optical images from the BCS survey demonstrate significant concentrations of similarly colored galaxies at the positions of the SZ detections. Photometric redshift estimates from the BCS data indicate that two of the clusters lie at moderate redshift (z ~ 0.4) and two at high redshift (z gsim 0.8). One of the SZ detections was previously identified as a galaxy cluster in the optical as part of the Abell supplementary southern cluster catalog and in the X-ray using data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS). Potential RASS counterparts (not previously identified as clusters) are also found for two of the new discoveries. These first four galaxy clusters are the most significant SZ detections from a subset of the ongoing SPT survey. As such, they serve as a demonstration that SZ surveys, and the SPT in particular, can be an effective means for finding galaxy clusters.
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