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Title:
Simultaneous Observations of PKS 2155-304 with HESS, Fermi, RXTE, and Atom: Spectral Energy Distributions and Variability in a Low State
Authors:
Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Anton, G.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Becherini, Y.; Behera, B.; Bernlöhr, K.; Boisson, C.; Bochow, A.; Borrel, V.; Brion, E.; Brucker, J.; Brun, P.; Bühler, R.; Bulik, T.; Büsching, I.; Boutelier, T.; Chadwick, P. M.; Charbonnier, A.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Cheesebrough, A.; Chounet, L.-M.; Clapson, A. C.; Coignet, G.; Dalton, M.; Daniel, M. K.; Davids, I. D.; Degrange, B.; Deil, C.; Dickinson, H. J.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Domainko, W.; O'C. Drury, L.; Dubois, F.; Dubus, G.; Dyks, J.; Dyrda, M.; Egberts, K.; Emmanoulopoulos, D.; Espigat, P.; Farnier, C.; Feinstein, F.; Fiasson, A.; Förster, A.; Fontaine, G.; Füßling, M.; Gabici, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Gérard, L.; Giebels, B.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Glück, B.; Goret, P.; Göhring, D.; Hauser, D.; Hauser, M.; Heinz, S.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hoffmann, A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Hoppe, S.; Horns, D.; Jacholkowska, A.; de Jager, O. C.; Jahn, C.; Jung, I.; Katarzyński, K.; Katz, U.; Kaufmann, S.; Kendziorra, E.; Kerschhaggl, M.; Khangulyan, D.; Khélifi, B.; Keogh, D.; Kluźniak, W.; Komin, Nu.; Kosack, K.; Lamanna, G.; Lenain, J.-P.; Lohse, T.; Marandon, V.; Martin, J. M.; Martineau-Huynh, O.; Marcowith, A.; Maurin, D.; McComb, T. J. L.; Medina, M. C.; Moderski, R.; Moulin, E.; Naumann-Godo, M.; de Naurois, M.; Nedbal, D.; Nekrassov, D.; Niemiec, J.; Nolan, S. J.; Ohm, S.; Olive, J.-F.; de Oña Wilhelmi, E.; Orford, K. J.; Ostrowski, M.; Panter, M.; Arribas, M. Paz; Pedaletti, G.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P.-O.; Pita, S.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Rayner, S. M.; Renaud, M.; Rieger, F.; Ripken, J.; Rob, L.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Rulten, C. B.; Ruppel, J.; Sahakian, V.; Santangelo, A.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schöck, F. M.; Schröder, R.; Schwanke, U.; Schwarzburg, S.; Schwemmer, S.; Shalchi, A.; Sikora, M.; Skilton, J. L.; Sol, H.; Spangler, D.; Stawarz, Ł.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Superina, G.; Szostek, A.; Tam, P. H.; Tavernet, J.-P.; Terrier, R.; Tibolla, O.; van Eldik, C.; Vasileiadis, G.; Venter, C.; Venter, L.; Vialle, J. P.; Vincent, P.; Vivier, M.; Völk, H. J.; Volpe, F.; Wagner, S. J.; Ward, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; The HESS Collaboration; Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Atwood, W. B.; Axelsson, M.; Baldini, L.; Ballet, J.; Barbiellini, G.; Baring, M. G.; Bastieri, D.; Battelino, M.; Baughman, B. M.; Bechtol, K.; Bellazzini, R.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Bonamente, E.; Borgland, A. W.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Brigida, M.; Bruel, P.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Caraveo, P. A.; Casandjian, J. M.; Cavazzuti, E.; Cecchi, C.; Charles, E.; Chekhtman, A.; Chen, A. W.; Cheung, C. C.; Chiang, J.; Ciprini, S.; Claus, R.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Colafrancesco, S.; Conrad, J.; Costamante, L.; Cutini, S.; Dermer, C. D.; de Angelis, A.; de Palma, F.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Dubus, G.; Dumora, D.; Farnier, C.; Favuzzi, C.; Fegan, S. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Fleury, P.; Focke, W. B.; Frailis, M.; Fukazawa, Y.; Funk, S.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Gasparrini, D.; Gehrels, N.; Germani, S.; Giebels, B.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Grondin, M.-H.; Grove, J. E.; Guillemot, L.; Guiriec, S.; Hanabata, Y.; Harding, A. K.; Hayashida, M.; Hays, E.; Horan, D.; Jóhannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Johnson, R. P.; Johnson, W. N.; Kadler, M.; Kamae, T.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerr, M.; Knödlseder, J.; Kuehn, F.; Kuss, M.; Lande, J.; Latronico, L.; Lee, S.-H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Longo, F.; Loparco, F.; Lott, B.; Lovellette, M. N.; Madejski, G. M.; Makeev, A.; Mazziotta, M. N.; McEnery, J. E.; Meurer, C.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Mizuno, T.; Moiseev, A. A.; Monte, C.; Monzani, M. E.; Morselli, A.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Nuss, E.; Ohsugi, T.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Ormes, J. F.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Parent, D.; Pelassa, V.; Pepe, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Piron, F.; Porter, T. A.; Rainò, S.; Razzano, M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Reposeur, T.; Ritz, S.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Ryde, F.; Sadrozinski, H. F.-W.; Sanchez, D.; Sander, A.; Scargle, J. D.; Schalk, T. L.; Sellerholm, A.; Sgrò, C.; Shaw, M.; Smith, D. A.; Spandre, G.; Spinelli, P.; Starck, J.-L.; Strickman, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, H.; Takahashi, T.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thompson, D. J.; Tibaldo, L.; Torres, D. F.; Tosti, G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vilchez, N.; Villata, M.; Vitale, V.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, K. S.; Ylinen, T.; Ziegler, M.; The Fermi-LAT Collaboration
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 5 Merrion Square, Dublin 2, Ireland ; ), AB(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia ), AC(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), AD(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ; Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed. ; ), AE(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France ), AF(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), AG(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), AH(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), AI(LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France ), AJ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), AK(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France ), AL(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), AM(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), AN(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), AO(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), AP(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), AQ(Unit for Space Physics, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa ), AR(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ), AS(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), AT(LPNHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252, Paris Cedex 5, France ), AU(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), AV(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), AW(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), AX(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), AY(Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, 9 Chemin de Bellevue-BP 110 F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France ), AZ(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), BA(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), BB(Unit for Space Physics, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa ; University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia ), BC(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), BD(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), BE(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), BF(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), BG(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), BH(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 5 Merrion Square, Dublin 2, Ireland ), BI(Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, 9 Chemin de Bellevue-BP 110 F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France ), BJ(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ), BK(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), BL(Instytut Fizyki Ja¸drowej PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland ), BM(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), BN(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), BO(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), BP(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France ), BQ(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France ), BR(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France ), BS(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), BT(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), BU(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), BV(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 5 Merrion Square, Dublin 2, Ireland ), BW(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France ), BX(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS, and MPG. ), BY(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS, and MPG. ), BZ(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), CA(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CB(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), CC(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CD(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), CE(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), CF(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CG(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany ), CH(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ), CI(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), CJ(School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK ), CK(Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany ), CL(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), CM(Unit for Space Physics, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa ), CN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), CO(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany ), CP(LPNHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252, Paris Cedex 5, France ), CQ(Unit for Space Physics, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa ), CR(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CS(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CT(Toruń Centre for Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Gagarina 11, 87-100 Toruń, Poland ), CU(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), CV(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), CW(Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany ), CX(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), CY(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), CZ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), DA(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), DB(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), DC(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), DD(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), DE(Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, 9 Chemin de Bellevue-BP 110 F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France ), DF(LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France ), DG(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), DH(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), DI(LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France ), DJ(LPNHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252, Paris Cedex 5, France ), DK(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France ), DL(LPNHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252, Paris Cedex 5, France ), DM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), DN(LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France ), DO(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), DP(IRFU/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France ), DQ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), DR(LPNHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252, Paris Cedex 5, France ), DS(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic ), DT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), DU(Instytut Fizyki Ja¸drowej PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland ), DV(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), DW(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), DX(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France ), DY(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ; National Research Council Research Associate.), DZ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), EA(Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, ul. Orla 171, 30-244 Kraków, Poland ), EB(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ), EC(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), EE(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), EE(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ), EF(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France ), EG(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), EH(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), EI(Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), EJ(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), EK(Unit for Space Physics, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa ), EL(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS, and MPG. ), EM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), EN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 10, rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France ; UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), Paris, France ), EO(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS, and MPG. ), EP(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany ), EQ(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic ), ER(Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, 9 Chemin de Bellevue-BP 110 F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France ), ES(School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia ), ET(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), EU(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), EV(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany ), EW(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia ), EX(Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany ), EY(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany ), EZ(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), FA(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany ), FB(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany ), FC(Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany ), FD(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany ), FE(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany ), FF(Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland ), FG(School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK ), FH(LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, France ), FI(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK ), FJ(Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, ul. Orla 171, 30-244 Kraków, Poland ), FK(University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia ), FL(Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany ), FM(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France ), FN(Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, ul. 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Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), LV(University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA ), LW(Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain ), LX(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), LY(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), LZ(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA ), MA(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy ; Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Galilei," Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy ), MB(Space Sciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA ; Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale (CIFS), I-10133 Torino, Italy ), MC(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy ; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy ), MD(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy ), ME(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), MF(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), MG(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France ), MH(Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata," I-00133 Roma, Italy ), MI(Max-Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85748 Garching, Germany ; School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden ), MJ(W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA ), MK(Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA ), ML(The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ; Supported by CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil. ), MM(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA ), MN()
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 696, Issue 2, pp. L150-L155 (2009). (ApJL Homepage)
Publication Date:
05/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
BL Lacertae objects: individual: PKS 2155–304, galaxies: active, gamma rays: observations
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/L150
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...696L.150A

Abstract

We report on the first simultaneous observations that cover the optical, X-ray, and high-energy gamma-ray bands of the BL Lac object PKS 2155-304. The gamma-ray bands were observed for 11 days, between 2008 August 25 and 2008 September 6 (MJD 54704-54715), jointly with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the HESS atmospheric Cherenkov array, providing the first simultaneous MeV-TeV spectral energy distribution (SED) with the new generation of γ-ray telescopes. The ATOM telescope and the RXTE and Swift observatories provided optical and X-ray coverage of the low-energy component over the same time period. The object was close to the lowest archival X-ray and very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) state, whereas the optical flux was much higher. The light curves show relatively little (~30%) variability overall when compared to past flaring episodes, but we find a clear optical/VHE correlation and evidence for a correlation of the X-rays with the high-energy spectral index. Contrary to previous observations in the flaring state, we do not find any correlation between the X-ray and VHE components. Although synchrotron self-Compton models are often invoked to explain the SEDs of BL Lac objects, the most common versions of these models are at odds with the correlated variability we find in the various bands for PKS 2155-304.
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