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Title:
Detection of C I in Absorption toward PKS 1830 - 211 with the eSMA
Authors:
Bottinelli, Sandrine; Hughes, A. Meredith; van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; Young, Ken H.; Chamberlin, Richard; Tilanus, Remo P. J.; Gurwell, Mark A.; Wilner, David J.; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; Hogerheijde, Michiel R.; Christensen, Robert D.; Shinnaga, Hiroko; Yoshida, Hiroshige
Affiliation:
AA(Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands ), AB(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MS 42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AC(Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands ; Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Postfach 1312, 85741 Garching, Germany ), AD(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MS 42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AE(Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Office, 111 Nowelo St., Hilo HI 96720, USA ), AF(Joint Astronomy Center, 660 N. A'ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo HI 96720, USA ; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Laan van Nieuw Oost-Indie 300, NL-2509 AC The Hague, The Netherlands ), AG(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MS 42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AH(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MS 42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AI(Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands ; Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, Radiosterrenwacht Dwingeloo, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands ), AJ(Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands ), AK(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Submillimeter Array, 645 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo HI 96721, USA), AL(Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Office, 111 Nowelo St., Hilo HI 96720, USA ), AM(Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Office, 111 Nowelo St., Hilo HI 96720, USA )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 690, Issue 2, pp. L130-L134 (2009). (ApJL Homepage)
Publication Date:
01/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
galaxies: ISM, ISM: abundances, quasars: absorption lines, quasars: individual: PKS 1830
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/690/2/L130
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...690L.130B

Abstract

We report the first science observations and results obtained with the "extended" SMA (eSMA), which is composed of the SMA (Submillimeter Array), JCMT (James Clerk Maxwell Telescope), and CSO (Caltech Submillimeter Observatory). Redshifted absorptions at z = 0.886 of C I (3 P 1-3 P 0) were observed with the eSMA with an angular resolution of 0farcs55 × 0farcs22 at 1.1 mm toward the southwestern image of the remarkable lensed quasar PKS 1830 - 211, but not toward the northeastern component at a separation of ~1''. Additionally, SMA observations of CO, 13CO, and C18O (all J = 4-3) were obtained toward this object: CO was also detected toward the southwest component, but none of the isotopologues were. This is the first time [C I] has been detected in this object, allowing the first direct determination of relative abundances of neutral atomic carbon to CO in the molecular clouds of a spiral galaxy at z > 0.1. The [C I] and CO profiles can be decomposed into two and three velocity components, respectively. We derive C/CO column density ratios ranging from lsim0.5 (representative of dense cores) to ~2.5 (close to translucent cloud values). This could indicate that we are seeing environments with different physical conditions or that we are witnessing the chemical evolution of regions where C has not completely been converted into CO.
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