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Title:
Discovery of an Unusual Optical Transient with the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors:
Barbary, K.; Dawson, K. S.; Tokita, K.; Aldering, G.; Amanullah, R.; Connolly, N. V.; Doi, M.; Faccioli, L.; Fadeyev, V.; Fruchter, A. S.; Goldhaber, G.; Goobar, A.; Gude, A.; Huang, X.; Ihara, Y.; Konishi, K.; Kowalski, M.; Lidman, C.; Meyers, J.; Morokuma, T.; Nugent, P.; Perlmutter, S.; Rubin, D.; Schlegel, D.; Spadafora, A. L.; Suzuki, N.; Swift, H. K.; Takanashi, N.; Thomas, R. C.; Yasuda, N.
Affiliation:
AA(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; ), AB(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AC(Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan ), AD(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AE(Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ), AF(Department of Physics, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA ), AG(Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan ), AH(Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AI(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA ), AJ(Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ), AK(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AL(Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ), AM(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ), AN(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ), AO(Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan ), AP(Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ), AQ(Humboldt Universität Institut für Physik, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany ), AR(European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile ), AS(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AT(Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan ; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan ), AU(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AV(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AW(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AX(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AY(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), AZ(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BA(Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-7300 CA, USA ; E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ), BB(Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan ), BC(E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; Luis W. Alvarez Fellow.), BD(Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 690, Issue 2, pp. 1358-1362 (2009). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
01/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
stars: variables: other
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/690/2/1358
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...690.1358B

Abstract

We present observations of SCP 06F6, an unusual optical transient discovered during the Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey. The transient brightened over a period of ~100 days, reached a peak magnitude of ~ 21.0 in both i 775 and z 850, and then declined over a similar timescale. There is no host galaxy or progenitor star detected at the location of the transient to a 3σ upper limit of i 775 >= 26.4 and z 850 >= 26.1, giving a corresponding lower limit on the flux increase of a factor of ~ 120. Multiple spectra show five broad absorption bands between 4100 Å and 6500 Å, and a mostly featureless continuum longward of 6500 Å. The shape of the light curve is inconsistent with microlensing. The transient's spectrum, in addition to being inconsistent with all known supernova types, does not match any spectrum in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database. We suggest that the transient may be one of a new class.

Based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under the NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The observations are associated with program GO-10496. Based in part on observations obtained at the European Southern Observatory under ESO program 077.A-0110. Based in part on observations collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA.


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