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Title:
Tracing Galaxy Formation with Stellar Halos. II. Relating Substructure in Phase and Abundance Space to Accretion Histories
Authors:
Johnston, Kathryn V.; Bullock, James S.; Sharma, Sanjib; Font, Andreea; Robertson, Brant E.; Leitner, Samuel N.
Affiliation:
AA(Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, Pupin Physics Laboratory, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027.), AB(Center for Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; .), AC(Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, Pupin Physics Laboratory, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027.), AD(Institute for Computational Cosmology, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.), AE(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637.; Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.; Spitzer Fellow.), AF(Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637.)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 689, Issue 2, pp. 936-957. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
12/2008
Origin:
UCP
ApJ Keywords:
Cosmology: Dark Matter, Galaxies: Dwarf, Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: Halos, Galaxies: Kinematics and Dynamics, Galaxy: Evolution, Galaxy: Formation, Galaxy: Halo, Galaxy: Kinematics and Dynamics, Galaxies: Local Group
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2008: The American Astronomical Society
DOI:
10.1086/592228
Bibliographic Code:
2008ApJ...689..936J

Abstract

This paper explores the mapping between the observable properties of a stellar halo in phase and abundance space and the parent galaxy's accretion history in terms of the characteristic epoch of accretion and mass and orbits of progenitor objects. The study utilizes a suite of 11 stellar halo models constructed within the context of a standard ΛCDM cosmology. The results demonstrate that coordinate-space studies are sensitive to the recent (0-8 Gyr ago) merger histories of galaxies (this timescale corresponds to the last few percent to tens of percent of mass accretion for a Milky Way-type galaxy). Specifically, the frequency, sky coverage, and fraction of stars in substructures in the stellar halo as a function of surface brightness are indicators of the importance of recent merging and of the luminosity function of infalling dwarfs. The morphology of features serves as a guide to the orbital distribution of those dwarfs. Constraints on the earlier merger history (>8 Gyr ago) can be gleaned from the abundance patterns in halo stars: within our models, dramatic differences in the dominant epoch of accretion or luminosity function of progenitor objects leave clear signatures in the [α/Fe] and [Fe/H] distributions of the stellar halo; halos dominated by very early accretion have higher average [α/Fe], while those dominated by high-luminosity satellites have higher [Fe/H]. This insight can be applied to reconstruct much about the merger histories of nearby galaxies from current and future data sets.
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