Sign on

SAO/NASA ADS General Science Abstract Service


· Find Similar Abstracts (with default settings below)
· Electronic Refereed Journal Article (HTML)
· References in the article
· Citations to the Article (78) (Citation History)
· Refereed Citations to the Article
· Reads History
·
· Translate This Page
Title:
The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree
Authors:
Wheeler, Tobias D.; Stroock, Abraham D.
Affiliation:
AA(School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA), AB(School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA)
Publication:
Nature, Volume 455, Issue 7210, pp. 208-212 (2008). (Nature Homepage)
Publication Date:
09/2008
Origin:
NATURE
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2008: Nature
DOI:
10.1038/nature07226
Bibliographic Code:
2008Natur.455..208W

Abstract

Plant scientists believe that transpiration-the motion of water from the soil, through a vascular plant, and into the air-occurs by a passive, wicking mechanism. This mechanism is described by the cohesion-tension theory: loss of water by evaporation reduces the pressure of the liquid water within the leaf relative to atmospheric pressure; this reduced pressure pulls liquid water out of the soil and up the xylem to maintain hydration. Strikingly, the absolute pressure of the water within the xylem is often negative, such that the liquid is under tension and is thermodynamically metastable with respect to the vapour phase. Qualitatively, this mechanism is the same as that which drives fluid through the synthetic wicks that are key elements in technologies for heat transfer, fuel cells and portable chemical systems. Quantitatively, the differences in pressure generated in plants to drive flow can be more than a hundredfold larger than those generated in synthetic wicks. Here we present the design and operation of a microfluidic system formed in a synthetic hydrogel. This synthetic `tree' captures the main attributes of transpiration in plants: transduction of subsaturation in the vapour phase of water into negative pressures in the liquid phase, stabilization and flow of liquid water at large negative pressures (-1.0MPa or lower), continuous heat transfer with the evaporation of liquid water at negative pressure, and continuous extraction of liquid water from subsaturated sources. This development opens the opportunity for technological uses of water under tension and for new experimental studies of the liquid state of water.
Bibtex entry for this abstract   Preferred format for this abstract (see Preferences)


Find Similar Abstracts:

Use: Authors
Title
Abstract Text
Return: Query Results Return    items starting with number
Query Form
Database: Astronomy
Physics
arXiv e-prints