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Title:
Galaxy Bulges and their Black Holes: a Requirement for the Quenching of Star Formation
Authors:
Bell, Eric F.
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany; )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 682, Issue 1, pp. 355-360. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
07/2008
Origin:
UCP
ApJ Keywords:
Galaxies: Bulges, Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: General, Galaxies: Spiral, Galaxies: Stellar Content
DOI:
10.1086/589551
Bibliographic Code:
2008ApJ...682..355B

Abstract

One of the central features of the last 8-10 billion years of cosmic history has been the emergence of a well-populated red sequence of non-star-forming galaxies. A number of models of galaxy formation and evolution have been devised to attempt to explain this behavior. Most current models require feedback from supermassive black holes (AGN feedback) to quench star formation in galaxies in the centers of their dark matter halos (central galaxies). Such models make the strong prediction that all quenched central galaxies must have a large supermassive black hole (and, by association, a prominent bulge component). I show using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey that the observations are consistent with this prediction. Over 99.5% of red-sequence galaxies with stellar masses in excess of 1010 Msolar have a prominent bulge component (as defined by having a Sérsic index n above 1.5). Those very rare red-sequence central galaxies with little or no bulge (n<1.5) usually have detectable star formation or AGN activity; the fraction of truly quenched bulgeless central galaxies is <0.1% of the total red-sequence population. I conclude that a bulge, and by implication a supermassive black hole, is an absolute requirement for full quenching of star formation in central galaxies. This is in agreement with the most basic prediction of the AGN feedback paradigm.
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