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Title:
Infrared and X-Ray Evidence for Circumstellar Grain Destruction by the Blast Wave of Supernova 1987A
Authors:
Dwek, Eli; Arendt, Richard G.; Bouchet, Patrice; Burrows, David N.; Challis, Peter; Danziger, I. John; De Buizer, James M.; Gehrz, Robert D.; Kirshner, Robert P.; McCray, Richard; Park, Sangwook; Polomski, Elisha F.; Woodward, Charles E.
Affiliation:
AA(Observational Cosmology Laboratory, Code 665, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771; .), AB(Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI), Code 665, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771.), AC(DSM/DAPNIA/Service d'Astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; .), AD(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802.), AE(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MS-19, Cambridge, MA 02138.), AF(Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, Trieste, Italy.), AG(Gemini Observatory, Southern Operations Center, c/o AURA, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile.), AH(Department of Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.), AI(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MS-19, Cambridge, MA 02138.), AJ(JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440.), AK(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802.), AL(Department of Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.), AM(Department of Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 676, Issue 2, pp. 1029-1039. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
04/2008
Origin:
UCP
ApJ Keywords:
ISM: Dust, Extinction, Infrared: General, ISM: individual (SNR 1987A), ISM: Supernova Remnants, X-Rays: General
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2008: The American Astronomical Society
DOI:
10.1086/529038
Bibliographic Code:
2008ApJ...676.1029D

Abstract

Multiwavelength observations of supernova remnant 1987A show that its morphology and luminosity are rapidly changing at X-ray, optical, infrared (IR), and radio wavelengths as the blast wave from the explosion expands into the circumstellar equatorial ring, produced by mass loss from the progenitor star. The observed IR radiation arises from the interaction of dust grains that formed in mass outflow with the soft X-ray-emitting plasma component of the shocked gas. Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph spectra at 5-30 μm taken on day 6190 since the explosion show that the emission arises from ~1.1×10-6 Msolar of silicate grains radiating at a temperature of ~180+20-15 K. Subsequent observations on day 7137 show that the IR flux had increased by a factor of 2 while maintaining an almost identical spectral shape. The observed IR-to-X-ray flux ratio (IRX) is consistent with that of a dusty plasma with standard Large Magellanic Cloud dust abundances. IRX has decreased by a factor of ~2 between days 6190 and 7137, providing the first direct observation of the ongoing destruction of dust in an expanding supernova blast wave on dynamic timescales. Detailed models consistent with the observed dust temperature, the ionization timescale of the soft X-ray emission component, and the evolution of IRX suggest that the radiating silicate grains are immersed in a 3.5×106 K plasma with a density of (0.3-1)×104 cm-3 and have a size distribution that is confined to a narrow range of radii between 0.023 and 0.22 μm. Smaller grains may have been evaporated by the initial UV flash from the supernova.
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