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Title:
Search for Extraterrestrial Osmium at the Allerod - Younger Dryas Boundary
Authors:
Beets, C.; Sharma, M.; Kasse, K.; Bohncke, S.
Affiliation:
AA(FALW, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081HV, Netherlands ; ), AB(Dartmouth College, Dept Earth Science 6105 Fairchild Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, United States ; ), AC(FALW, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081HV, Netherlands ; ), AD(FALW, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081HV, Netherlands ; )
Publication:
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #V53A-2150
Publication Date:
12/2008
Origin:
AGU
AGU Keywords:
1051 Sedimentary geochemistry, 1145 Tephrochronology (8455), 1165 Sedimentary geochronology, 1605 Abrupt/rapid climate change (4901, 8408)
Bibliographic Code:
2008AGUFM.V53A2150B

Abstract

Ir and Os are excellent markers of extraterrestrial impact events, due to their high abundance in ET objects (Alvarez et al., 1980 Science; Turekian, 1982 Geol. Bull. Am. Spec. Pap.). Os has the advantage over Ir, in that the 187Os/188Os ratio also greatly differs between meteorites and upper continental crust (UCC). The combination of [Os] and 187Os/188Os analyses would be superior in detecting any ET contribution. Firestone et al (2007 PNAS) attributed a widespread 12.9 ka Ir containing black carbon layer to a potential extraterrestrial impact at the Allerød-Younger Dryas (A-YD) boundary. In order to test this inference, we measured [Os] and 187Os/188Os on a radiocarbon dated A-YD record (13.210 to 12.788 cal years BP) from the Netherlands. This location is close to Lommel, a Belgian site studied by Firestone et al.(2007). The organic-rich sequence was sampled continuously over a 12 cm interval at 2 cm resolution (~70 years). About 10 g samples were freeze-dried, ground and homogenized in a zirconia ball-mill. The samples mixed with 190Os tracer solutions were dissolved in carius tubes and Os extracted in liquid bromine. Os was further purified using micro-distillation. Os isotopes were measured using N-TIMS on Dartmouth Triton. The procedural blank was 7 fg/g Os with an isotopic composition of 0.41±0.01 The Allerød samples have an order of magnitude higher abundance than UCC (200 vs. 30 pg/g), but similar 187Os/188Os ratios, >1.1. The sample at the base of the YD (12.893±75 cal years BP) contains a similar amount of Os, but has a distinctly lower isotopic signature, 0.53±0.002. The high [Os] in the A-YD section possibly reflects enrichment by preferential partitioning into organic matter. The Os isotope composition of 0.53, sandwiched between values >1.1, implies contribution of a significant amount of non-radiogenic Os. Since the pollen spectra show no reworking, the non-radiogenic Os could only have been delivered as a discrete pulse at 12.893 cal yr BP. The observation of the non-radiogenic Os isotope composition would therefore be consistent with a meteorite impact. However, it is intriguing to note there was a small volcanic eruption of Laacher See tephra (LST) at this time (surface immediately below LST = 12.979±147 cal years BP, Bittmann, 2007 Veget Hist Archeobot) approximately 150 km away. The timing of this eruption has been traditionally placed in upper Allerød, about 200 years before the onset of YD. More work is needed to resolve the issue of ET Os at the YD boundary.
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