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Title:
Detection of amino acetonitrile in Sgr B2(N)
Authors:
Belloche, A.; Menten, K. M.; Comito, C.; Müller, H. S. P.; Schilke, P.; Ott, J.; Thorwirth, S.; Hieret, C.
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany ), AB(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany ), AC(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany ), AD(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany ), AE(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany ), AF(National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475, USA ; California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Caltech Astronomy, 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125-2400, USA ; CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility, Cnr Vimiera & Pembroke Roads, Marsfield NSW 2122, Australia), AG(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany ), AH(Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany )
Publication:
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 482, Issue 1, 2008, pp.179-196 (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:
04/2008
Origin:
EDP Sciences
Keywords:
astrobiology, astrochemistry, line: identification, stars: formation, ISM: individual, objects: Sagittarius B2, ISM: molecules
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361:20079203
Bibliographic Code:
2008A&A...482..179B

Abstract

Context: Amino acids are building blocks of proteins and therefore key ingredients for the origin of life. The simplest amino acid, glycine (NH2CH2COOH), has long been searched for in the interstellar medium but has not been unambiguously detected so far. At the same time, more and more complex molecules have been newly found toward the prolific Galactic center source Sagittarius B2.
Aims: Since the search for glycine has turned out to be extremely difficult, we aimed at detecting a chemically related species (possibly a direct precursor), amino acetonitrile (NH2CH2CN).
Methods: With the IRAM 30 m telescope we carried out a complete line survey of the hot core regions Sgr B2(N) and (M) in the 3 mm range, plus partial surveys at 2 and 1.3 mm. We analyzed our 30 m line survey in the LTE approximation and modeled the emission of all known molecules simultaneously. We identified spectral features at the frequencies predicted for amino acetonitrile lines having intensities compatible with a unique rotation temperature. We also used the Very Large Array to look for cold, extended emission from amino acetonitrile.
Results: We detected amino acetonitrile in Sgr B2(N) in our 30 m telescope line survey and conducted confirmatory observations of selected lines with the IRAM Plateau de Bure and the Australia Telescope Compact Array interferometers. The emission arises from a known hot core, the Large Molecule Heimat, and is compact with a source diameter of 2 arcsec (0.08 pc). We derived a column density of 2.8 × 1016 cm-2, a temperature of 100 K, and a linewidth of 7 km s-1. Based on the simultaneously observed continuum emission, we calculated a density of 1.7 × 108 cm-3, a mass of 2340 M_ȯ, and an amino acetonitrile fractional abundance of 2.2 × 10-9. The high abundance and temperature may indicate that amino acetonitrile is formed by grain surface chemistry. We did not detect any hot, compact amino acetonitrile emission toward Sgr B2(M) or any cold, extended emission toward Sgr B2, with column-density upper limits of 6 × 1015 and 3 × 1012-14 cm-2, respectively.
Conclusions: Based on our amino acetonitrile detection toward Sgr B2(N) and a comparison to the pair methylcyanide/acetic acid both detected in this source, we suggest that the column density of both glycine conformers in Sgr B2(N) is well below the best upper limits published recently by other authors, and probably below the confusion limit in the 1-3 mm range.

Based on observations carried out with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer, the IRAM 30 m telescope, the Australia Telescope Compact Array, and the NRAO Very Large Array. IRAM is supported by INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany) and IGN (Spain). The Australia Telescope Compact Array is part of the Australia Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Table [see full textsee full text] and Fig. [see full textsee full text] are only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org The calibrated and deconvolved data cubes and images (line and continuum) obtained with the PdBI, the ATCA, and the VLA are available in FITS format at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/482/179

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