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Title:
Strangers in the Night: Discovery of a Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy on Its First Local Group Infall
Authors:
Chapman, S. C.; Peñarrubia, J.; Ibata, R.; McConnachie, A.; Martin, N.; Irwin, M.; Blain, A.; Lewis, G. F.; Letarte, B.; Lo, K.; Ludlow, A.; O'neil, K.
Affiliation:
AA(Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK.; University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 Canada.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.), AB(University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 Canada.), AC(Observatoire de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.), AD(University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 Canada.), AE(Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, Konigstuhl 17 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.), AF(Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK.), AG(California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.), AH(Institute of Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.), AI(California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.), AJ(NRAO, Green Bank, WV 24944.), AK(University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1 Canada.), AL(NRAO, Green Bank, WV 24944.)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 662, Issue 2, pp. L79-L82. (ApJL Homepage)
Publication Date:
06/2007
Origin:
UCP
ApJ Keywords:
Galaxies: Evolution, galaxies: individual (Andromeda) -Galaxies: Spiral, Galaxies: Local Group
DOI:
10.1086/519377
Bibliographic Code:
2007ApJ...662L..79C

Abstract

We present spectroscopic observations of the And XII dwarf spheroidal galaxy using DEIMOS/Keck II, showing it to be moving rapidly through the Local Group (-556 km s-1 heliocentric velocity, -281 km s-1 relative to Andromeda), falling into the Local Group from ~115 kpc beyond Andromeda's nucleus. And XII therefore represents a dwarf galaxy plausibly falling into the Local Group for the first time and never having experienced a dense galactic environment. From Green Bank Telescope observations, a limit on the H I gas mass of <3×103 Msolar suggests that And XII's gas could have been removed prior to experiencing the tides of the Local Group galaxies. Orbit models suggest that the dwarf is close to the escape velocity of M31 for published mass models. And XII is our best direct evidence for the late infall of satellite galaxies, a prediction of cosmological simulations.
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