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Title:
The large-scale jet-powered radio nebula of Circinus X-1
Authors:
Tudose, V.; Fender, R. P.; Kaiser, C. R.; Tzioumis, A. K.; van der Klis, M.; Spencer, R. E.
Affiliation:
AA(`Anton Pannekoek' Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy, Cutitul de Argint 5, RO-040557 Bucharest, Romania), AB(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ Southampton; `Anton Pannekoek' Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands), AC(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ Southampton), AD(Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia), AE(`Anton Pannekoek' Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands), AF(University of Manchester, Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories, Jodrell Bank, SK11 9DL Cheshire)
Publication:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 372, Issue 1, pp. 417-424. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/2006
Origin:
MNRAS
MNRAS Keywords:
accretion, accretion discs: radiation mechanisms: non-thermal: stars: individual: Circinus X-1: ISM: jets and outflows: radio continuum: stars: X-rays: stars, accretion discs, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, stars: individual: Circinus X-1, ISM: jets and outflows, radio continuum: stars, X-rays: stars
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10873.x
Bibliographic Code:
2006MNRAS.372..417T

Abstract

We present multi-epoch observations of the radio nebula around the neutron star X-ray binary Circinus X-1 made at 1.4 and 2.5GHz with the Australia Telescope Compact Array between 2000 October and 2004 September. The nebula can be seen as a result of the interaction between the jet from the system and the interstellar medium and it is likely that we are actually looking toward the central X-ray binary system through the jet-powered radio lobe. The study of the nebula thus offers a unique opportunity to estimate for the first time using calorimetry the energetics of a jet from an object clearly identified as a neutron star. An extensive discussion on the energetics of the complex is presented: a first approach is based on the minimum energy estimation, while a second one employs a self-similar model of the interaction between the jets and the surrounding medium. The results suggest an age for the nebula of <=105yr and a corresponding time-averaged jet power >=1035ergs-1. During periodic flaring episodes, the instantaneous jet power may reach values of similar magnitude to the X-ray luminosity.

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