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Title:
First detection of a VHE gamma-ray spectral maximum from a cosmic source: HESS discovery of the Vela X nebula
Authors:
Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, W.; Berge, D.; Bernlöhr, K.; Boisson, C.; Bolz, O.; Borrel, V.; Braun, I.; Breitling, F.; Brown, A. M.; Bühler, R.; Büsching, I.; Carrigan, S.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chounet, L.-M.; Cornils, R.; Costamante, L.; Degrange, B.; Dickinson, H. J.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; O'C. Drury, L.; Dubus, G.; Egberts, K.; Emmanoulopoulos, D.; Epinat, B.; Espigat, P.; Feinstein, F.; Ferrero, E.; Fontaine, G.; Funk, Seb.; Funk, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giebels, B.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Goret, P.; Hadjichristidis, C.; Hauser, D.; Hauser, M.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Horns, D.; Jacholkowska, A.; de Jager, O. C.; Khélifi, B.; Komin, Nu.; Konopelko, A.; Latham, I. J.; Le Gallou, R.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lohse, T.; Martin, J. M.; Martineau-Huynh, O.; Marcowith, A.; Masterson, C.; McComb, T. J. L.; de Naurois, M.; Nedbal, D.; Nolan, S. J.; Noutsos, A.; Orford, K. J.; Osborne, J. L.; Ouchrif, M.; Panter, M.; Pelletier, G.; Pita, S.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Rayner, S. M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Ripken, J.; Rob, L.; Rolland, L.; Rowell, G.; Sahakian, V.; Saugé, L.; Schlenker, S.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schwanke, U.; Sol, H.; Spangler, D.; Spanier, F.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Superina, G.; Tavernet, J.-P.; Terrier, R.; Théoret, C. G.; Tluczykont, M.; van Eldik, C.; Vasileiadis, G.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.; Ward, M.
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AB(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers St., 375036 Yerevan, Armenia), AC(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, BP 4346, 31029 Toulouse Cedex 4, France), AD(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany), AE(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AF(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AG(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), AH(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AI(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AJ(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, BP 4346, 31029 Toulouse Cedex 4, France), AK(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AL(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), AM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AO(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), AP(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AQ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AR(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), AS(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany), AT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), AU(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), AV(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AW(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), AX(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 5 Merrion Square, Dublin 2, Ireland), AY(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), AZ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BA(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), BB(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC 70, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BC(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), BD(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC 70, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BE(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), BF(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), BG(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), BH(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BI(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC 70, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BJ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), BK(DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France), BL(DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France), BM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), BN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BO(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), BP(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany), BQ(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), BR(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BS(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), BT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BU(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), BV(Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany), BW(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC 70, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BX(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), BY(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France ; Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BZ(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), CA(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), CB(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CC(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CD(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), CE(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), CF(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), CG(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), CH(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France), CI(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, BP 4346, 31029 Toulouse Cedex 4, France), CJ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), CK(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CL(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France), CM(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic), CN(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CO(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CP(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CQ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CR(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), CS(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), CT(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), CU(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), CV(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), CW(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), CX(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), CY(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany), CZ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), DA(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany), DB(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany), DC(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany), DD(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic), DE(DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France), DF(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), DG(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers St., 375036 Yerevan, Armenia), DH(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), DI(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), DJ(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany), DK(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), DL(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), DM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), DN(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany), DO(University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia), DP(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany), DQ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France), DR(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France), DS(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), DT(APC, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, UMR 7164, CNRS, Université Paris VII, CEA, Observatoire de Paris, France), DU(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), DV(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), DW(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC 70, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), DX(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), DY(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France), DZ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), EA(Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), EB(University of Durham, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK)
Publication:
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 448, Issue 2, March III 2006, pp.L43-L47 (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:
03/2006
Origin:
EDP Sciences
Keywords:
ISM: plerions, Gamma rays: observations
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361:200600014
Bibliographic Code:
2006A&A...448L..43A

Abstract

The Vela supernova remnant (SNR) is a complex region containing a number of sources of non-thermal radiation. The inner section of this SNR, within 2 degrees of the pulsar PSR B0833-45, has been observed by the HESS γ-ray atmospheric Cherenkov detector in 2004 and 2005. A strong signal is seen from an extended region to the south of the pulsar, within an integration region of radius 0.8° around the position (α = 08h 35m 00s, δ = -45° 36 arcmin J2000.0). The excess coincides with a region of hard X-ray emission seen by the ROSAT and ASCA satellites. The observed energy spectrum of the source between 550 GeV and 65 TeV is well fit by a power law function with photon index Γ = 1.45 ± 0.09 stat ± 0.2sys and an exponential cutoff at an energy of 13.8 ± 2.3stat ± 4.1sys TeV. The integral flux above 1 TeV is (1.28 ± 0.17stat ± 0.38sys) × 10-11cm-2 s-1. This result is the first clear measurement of a peak in the spectral energy distribution from a VHE γ-ray source, likely related to inverse Compton emission. A fit of an Inverse Compton model to the HESS spectral energy distribution gives a total energy in non-thermal electrons of ~2 × 1045 erg between 5 TeV and 100 TeV, assuming a distance of 290 parsec to the pulsar. The best fit electron power law index is 2.0, with a spectral break at 67 TeV.
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