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Title:
A ~7.5 M Planet Orbiting the Nearby Star, GJ 876
Authors:
Rivera, Eugenio J.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Butler, R. Paul; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Vogt, Steven S.; Fischer, Debra A.; Brown, Timothy M.; Laughlin, Gregory; Henry, Gregory W.
Affiliation:
AA(University of California Observatoires/Lick Observatory, University of California, 373 Interdisciplinary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA 9506; NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science and Astrobiology Division, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035; Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305. ), AB(NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science and Astrobiology Division, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035.), AC(Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305.), AD(Department of Astronomy, University of California, 301 Le Conte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720.), AE(University of California Observatoires/Lick Observatory, University of California, 373 Interdisciplinary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 ), AF(Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132.), AG(High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307.), AH(University of California Observatoires/Lick Observatory, University of California, 373 Interdisciplinary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 ), AI(Center of Excellence in Information Systems, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard, Box 9501, Nashville, TN 37209; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, P.O. Box 1807, Station B, Nashville, TN 37235.)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 634, Issue 1, pp. 625-640. (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
11/2005
Origin:
UCP
Astronomy Keywords:
Stars: Planetary Systems, Planets and Satellites: General, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: GJ 876
DOI:
10.1086/491669
Bibliographic Code:
2005ApJ...634..625R

Abstract

High-precision, high-cadence radial velocity monitoring over the past 8 yr at the W. M. Keck Observatory reveals evidence for a third planet orbiting the nearby (4.69 pc) dM4 star GJ 876. The residuals of three-body Newtonian fits, which include GJ 876 and Jupiter-mass companions b and c, show significant power at a periodicity of 1.9379 days. Self-consistently fitting the radial velocity data with a model that includes an additional body with this period significantly improves the quality of the fit. These four-body (three-planet) Newtonian fits find that the minimum mass of companion ``d'' is msini=5.89+/-0.54 M and that its orbital period is 1.93776 (+/-7×10-5) days. Assuming coplanar orbits, an inclination of the GJ 876 planetary system to the plane of the sky of ~50° gives the best fit. This inclination yields a mass for companion d of m=7.53+/-0.70 M, making it by far the lowest mass companion yet found around a main-sequence star other than our Sun. Precise photometric observations at Fairborn Observatory confirm low-level brightness variability in GJ 876 and provide the first explicit determination of the star's 96.7 day rotation period. Even higher precision short-term photometric measurements obtained at Las Campanas imply that planet d does not transit GJ 876.

Based on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated jointly by the University of California and the California Institute of Technology.


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