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Title:
Observations of selected AGN with HESS
Authors:
Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, W.; Berge, D.; Bernlöhr, K.; Boisson, C.; Bolz, O.; Borrel, V.; Braun, I.; Breitling, F.; Brown, A. M.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chounet, L.-M.; Cornils, R.; Costamante, L.; Degrange, B.; Dickinson, H. J.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; O'C. Drury, L.; Dubus, G.; Emmanoulopoulos, D.; Espigat, P.; Feinstein, F.; Fontaine, G.; Fuchs, Y.; Funk, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giebels, B.; Gillessen, S.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Goret, P.; Hadjichristidis, C.; Hauser, M.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Horns, D.; Jacholkowska, A.; de Jager, O. C.; Khélifi, B.; Komin, Nu.; Konopelko, A.; Latham, I. J.; Le Gallou, R.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Leroy, N.; Lohse, T.; Martin, J. M.; Martineau-Huynh, O.; Marcowith, A.; Masterson, C.; McComb, T. J. L.; de Naurois, M.; Nolan, S. J.; Noutsos, A.; Orford, K. J.; Osborne, J. L.; Ouchrif, M.; Panter, M.; Pelletier, G.; Pita, S.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Raux, J.; Rayner, S. M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Ripken, J.; Rob, L.; Rolland, L.; Rowell, G.; Sahakian, V.; Saugé, L.; Schlenker, S.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schuster, C.; Schwanke, U.; Siewert, M.; Sol, H.; Spangler, D.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Tavernet, J.-P.; Terrier, R.; Théoret, C. G.; Tluczykont, M.; Vasileiadis, G.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; ;), AB(Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia;), AC(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France;), AD(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Germany;), AE(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), AF(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), AG(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), AH(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, France;), AI(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), AJ(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France;), AK(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), AL(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), AM(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), AN(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), AO(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), AP(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Germany;), AQ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), AR(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), AS(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), AT(APC, Paris, France;), AU(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Ireland;), AV(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), AW(Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany;), AX(APC, Paris, France;), AY(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, France;), AZ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), BA(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, France;), BB(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BC(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, France;), BD(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), BE(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BF(DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;), BG(DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;), BH(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), BI(Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany;), BJ(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Germany;), BK(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, France;), BL(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BM(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BO(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa;), BP(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BQ(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, France;), BR(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa;), BS(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), BT(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), BU(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), BV(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), BW(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), BX(APC, Paris, France;), BY(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), BZ(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France;), CA(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), CB(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, France;), CC(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), CD(Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France;), CE(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), CF(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CG(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), CH(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CI(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CJ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CK(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CL(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France; ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), CM(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), CN(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, France;), CO(APC, Paris, France;), CP(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany; Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany;), CQ(APC, Paris, France;), CR(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa;), CS(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Germany;), CT(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), CU(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), CV(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany;), CW(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany;), CX(Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Germany;), CY(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic;), CZ(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), DA(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), DB(Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia;), DC(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, France;), DD(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), DE(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany;), DF(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany;), DG(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), DH(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany;), DI(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, France;), DJ(University of Durham, Department of Physics, UK;), DK(University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia;), DL(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;), DM(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), DN(APC, Paris, France;), DO(APC, Paris, France;), DP(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France; ; European Associated Laboratory for Gamma-Ray Astronomy, jointly supported by CNRS and MPG), DQ(Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, France;), DR(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa;), DS(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, France;), DT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany), DU(Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany;)
Publication:
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 441, Issue 2, October II 2005, pp.465-472 (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/2005
Origin:
EDP Sciences
Keywords:
galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: general, gamma rays: observations
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361:20053478
Bibliographic Code:
2005A&A...441..465A

Abstract

A sample of selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) was observed in 2003 and 2004 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS), an array of imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes in Namibia. The redshifts of these candidate very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) γ-ray emitters range from z=0.00183 to z=0.333. Significant detections were already reported for some of these objects, such as PKS 2155-304 and Markarian 421. Marginal evidence (3.1σ) for a signal is found from large-zenith-angle observations of Markarian 501, corresponding to an integral flux of I(>1.65 TeV) = (1.5±0.6{stat}±0.3{syst}) × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 or 15% of the Crab Nebula flux. Integral flux upper limits for 19 other AGN, based on exposures of 1 to 8 h live time, and with average energy thresholds between 160 GeV and 610 GeV, range from 0.4% to 5.1% of the Crab Nebula flux. All the upper limits are the most constraining ever reported for these objects.
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