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Title:
High-energy particle acceleration in the shell of a supernova remnant
Authors:
Aharonian, F. A.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Aye, K.-M.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.; Beilicke, M.; Benbow, W.; Berge, D.; Berghaus, P.; Bernlöhr, K.; Bolz, O.; Boisson, C.; Borgmeier, C.; Breitling, F.; Brown, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chitnis, V. R.; Chounet, L.-M.; Cornils, R.; Costamante, L.; Degrange, B.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Drury, L. O'C.; Ergin, T.; Espigat, P.; Feinstein, F.; Fleury, P.; Fontaine, G.; Funk, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giebels, B.; Gillessen, S.; Goret, P.; Guy, J.; Hadjichristidis, C.; Hauser, M.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Holleran, M.; Horns, D.; de Jager, O. C.; Jung, I.; Khélifi, B.; Komin, Nu.; Konopelko, A.; Latham, I. J.; Le Gallou, R.; Lemoine, M.; Lemière, A.; Leroy, N.; Lohse, T.; Marcowith, A.; Masterson, C.; McComb, T. J. L.; de Naurois, M.; Nolan, S. J.; Noutsos, A.; Orford, K. J.; Osborne, J. L.; Ouchrif, M.; Panter, M.; Pelletier, G.; Pita, S.; Pohl, M.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Raue, M.; Raux, J.; Rayner, S. M.; Redondo, I.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Ripken, J.; Rivoal, M.; Rob, L.; Rolland, L.; Rowell, G.; Sahakian, V.; Saugé, L.; Schlenker, S.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schuster, C.; Schwanke, U.; Siewert, M.; Sol, H.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Tavernet, J.-P.; Théoret, C. G.; Tluczykont, M.; van der Walt, D. J.; Vasileiadis, G.; Vincent, P.; Visser, B.; Völk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.
Affiliation:
AA(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AB(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia), AC(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AD(Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, 9 av. du Colonel Roche, BP 4346, F-31029 Toulouse Cedex 4, France), AE(Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany), AF(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AH(Present addresses: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus de la Plaine, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium (P.B.); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India (V.R.C.); Washington University, Department of Physics, 1 Brookings Drive, CB 1105, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA (I.J.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160, USA (M.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK (I.R.)), AI(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AJ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AK(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, F-92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AL(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), AM(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), AN(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AO(Groupe d'Astroparticules de Montpellier, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC85, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), AP(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), AQ(Present addresses: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus de la Plaine, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium (P.B.); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India (V.R.C.); Washington University, Department of Physics, 1 Brookings Drive, CB 1105, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA (I.J.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160, USA (M.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK (I.R.)), AR(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), AS(Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany), AT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), AU(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), AV(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), AW(Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 5 Merrion Square, Dublin 2, Ireland), AX(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), AY(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), AZ(Groupe d'Astroparticules de Montpellier, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC85, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BA(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), BB(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), BC(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BD(Groupe d'Astroparticules de Montpellier, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC85, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), BE(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), BF(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BG(Service d'Astrophysique, DAPNIA/DSM/CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France), BH(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), BI(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), BJ(Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany), BK(Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany), BL(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), BM(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BN(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BO(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BP(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), BQ(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BR(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), BS(Present addresses: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus de la Plaine, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium (P.B.); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India (V.R.C.); Washington University, Department of Physics, 1 Brookings Drive, CB 1105, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA (I.J.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160, USA (M.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK (I.R.)), BT(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BU(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), BV(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), BW(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), BX(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), BY(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), BZ(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CA(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), CB(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), CC(Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, 9 av. du Colonel Roche, BP 4346, F-31029 Toulouse Cedex 4, France), CD(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), CE(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CF(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CG(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CH(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CI(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CJ(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CK(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CL(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), CM(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), CN(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CO(Present addresses: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus de la Plaine, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium (P.B.); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India (V.R.C.); Washington University, Department of Physics, 1 Brookings Drive, CB 1105, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA (I.J.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160, USA (M.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK (I.R.)), CP(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), CQ(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CR(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), CS(Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany), CT(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), CU(Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK), CV(Present addresses: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Campus de la Plaine, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium (P.B.); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India (V.R.C.); Washington University, Department of Physics, 1 Brookings Drive, CB 1105, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA (I.J.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160, USA (M.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK (I.R.)), CW(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D 44780 Bochum, Germany), CX(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D 44780 Bochum, Germany), CY(Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany), CZ(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), DA(Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic), DB(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), DC(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), DD(Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia), DE(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, INSU/CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France), DF(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), DG(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D 44780 Bochum, Germany), DH(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D 44780 Bochum, Germany), DI(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), DJ(Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum und Astrophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D 44780 Bochum, Germany), DK(LUTH, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, F-92195 Meudon Cedex, France), DL(University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia), DM(Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, D 12489 Berlin, Germany), DN(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), DO(Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie, IN2P3/CNRS, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), DP(Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France), DQ(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), DR(Groupe d'Astroparticules de Montpellier, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Montpellier II, CC85, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France), DS(Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, IN2P3/CNRS, Universités Paris VI & VII, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France), DT(Unit for Space Physics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa), DU(Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany), DV(Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany)
Publication:
Nature, Volume 432, Issue 7013, pp. 75-77 (2004). (Nature Homepage)
Publication Date:
11/2004
Origin:
NATURE
DOI:
10.1038/nature02960
Bibliographic Code:
2004Natur.432...75A

Abstract

A significant fraction of the energy density of the interstellar medium is in the form of high-energy charged particles (cosmic rays). The origin of these particles remains uncertain. Although it is generally accepted that the only sources capable of supplying the energy required to accelerate the bulk of Galactic cosmic rays are supernova explosions, and even though the mechanism of particle acceleration in expanding supernova remnant (SNR) shocks is thought to be well understood theoretically, unequivocal evidence for the production of high-energy particles in supernova shells has proven remarkably hard to find. Here we report on observations of the SNR RX J1713.7 - 3946 (G347.3 - 0.5), which was discovered by ROSAT in the X-ray spectrum and later claimed as a source of high-energy γ-rays of TeV energies (1TeV = 1012eV). We present a TeV γ-ray image of the SNR: the spatially resolved remnant has a shell morphology similar to that seen in X-rays, which demonstrates that very-high-energy particles are accelerated there. The energy spectrum indicates efficient acceleration of charged particles to energies beyond 100TeV, consistent with current ideas of particle acceleration in young SNR shocks.
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