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Title:
Discovery of Four Field Methane (T-Type) Dwarfs with the Two Micron All-Sky Survey
Authors:
Burgasser, Adam J.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Brown, Michael E.; Reid, I. Neill; Gizis, John E.; Dahn, Conard C.; Monet, David G.; Beichman, Charles A.; Liebert, James; Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 522, Issue 1, pp. L65-L68. (ApJL Homepage)
Publication Date:
09/1999
Origin:
APJ
ApJ Keywords:
INFRARED: STARS, STARS: FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS, STARS: INDIVIDUAL: ALPHANUMERIC: 2MASSI J1047539+212423, STARS: INDIVIDUAL: ALPHANUMERIC: 2MASSW J1217111-031113, STARS: INDIVIDUAL: ALPHANUMERIC: 2MASSW J1225543-273947, STARS: INDIVIDUAL: ALPHANUMERIC: 2MASSW J1237392+652615, STARS: INDIVIDUAL: ALPHANUMERIC: 2MASSW J1346464-003150, STARS: LOW-MASS, BROWN DWARFS
DOI:
10.1086/312221
Bibliographic Code:
1999ApJ...522L..65B

Abstract

We report the discovery of four field methane (``T''-type) brown dwarfs using Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) data. One additional methane dwarf, previously discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, was also identified. Near-infrared spectra clearly show the 1.6 and 2.2 μm CH_4 absorption bands characteristic of objects with T_eff<~1300 K as well as broadened H_2O bands at 1.4 and 1.9 mum. Comparing the spectra of these objects with that of Gl 229B, we propose that all new 2MASS T dwarfs are warmer than 950 K, in order from warmest to coolest: 2MASS J1217-03, 2MASS J1225-27, 2MASS J1047+21, and 2MASS J1237+65. Based on this preliminary sample, we find a warm T dwarf surface density of 0.0022 T dwarfs deg^-2, or ~90 warm T dwarfs over the whole sky detectable to J<16. The resulting space density upper limit, 0.01 T dwarfs pc^-3, is comparable to that of the first L dwarf sample from Kirkpatrick et al.
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